[MUSIC PLAYING] NARRATOR: Hey there. Welcome to this video on root words, prefixes, and suffixes. Many of the words we speak in English are made up of Latin and Greek words, but we have added prefixes and suffixes to them. 

Prefixes and suffixes are known as affixes. The original word before you add the affixes is known as a root word. A root word can stand on its own as a complete word. For example, the word reform, "re" is the prefix, and "form" is the root word. "Form" by itself is still a word. 

A root, on the other hand, does not typically make up a complete word on its own. For example, transmit, the "trans" is the prefix, meaning "across," and "mit" is the root, meaning "to send." "Mit" by itself is not a complete word. 

Now let's take a look at what prefixes and suffixes actually are. Words can be long and difficult at times, but understanding root words and the affixes can help you to understand the meaning of those long words and make them less scary. New words can be made by adding a prefix before or a suffix after a root or a root word. 

When an affix is added before the root or root word, it is called a prefix. A helpful way to remember this is by looking at the word "prefix" itself. "Pre" means "before," and a prefix comes before the root or root word. 

A prefix often changes the meaning of a word. For instance, the word "usual" just means that something is customary or habitual. However, when you add the prefix "un," meaning "not" or "opposite of," to the beginning of it, it changes the meaning of the word. 

Now we have the word "unusual," which means that something is not usual, not common, or is rare. Prefixes have definitions of their own, so when we add them onto a root or root word, we have to understand that the meaning of the word has now been modified. 

Now, an affix that is added to the end of a root or root word is called a suffix. Unlike a prefix, a suffix typically does not change the meaning of the word, at least not in a major way. Instead, a suffix typically adds more specification. 

For instance, if I say that someone is tall, you think of a person who is above the average or normal height. However, when I say someone is taller, I'm letting you know that someone is tall in comparison to another person, but they may not be tall in general. Take a look. 

Mark is tall. Mark is taller than Jeff. The meaning of the word is still referring to the height of a person or an object, but adding the suffix has changed the specification. 

A suffix can add plurality, which just means that there are more than one of something. The most popular suffixes are S and E-S. These are examples of suffixes that add plurality. 

I actually just did this with the word suffix. When I say suffix, I'm letting you know that there is only one. But when I say suffixes, I've added plurality, letting you know that there are more than one. 

Words can have a prefix, root or root word, and a suffix all in one. Let's take a look at an example, "destruction." D-E is the prefix, meaning "opposite." "Struct" is the Latin root meaning "to build." And I-O-N is the suffix meaning "act" or "process." 

Understanding the meaning of prefixes, root or root words, and suffixes helps us to understand the proper meaning of a word. With our definition of prefix, root, and suffix, in the word destruction, we can see that the opposite of building is happening. 

There are thousands of roots and root words out there that are used in the English language. There are less prefixes and suffixes combined than there are roots and root words. Practice finding the prefixes, roots and root words, and suffixes in the words you use in class and at home. The more you practice, the easier it'll be for you to understand the meaning of words that you've never even heard before. 

I hope that this video on prefixes, roots and root words, and suffixes has been helpful for you. Be sure to check out more of our videos by subscribing to our channel below. See you next time. 

[MUSIC PLAYING]